The Muslim state of Demak was the first to make military inroads into Java, raiding much of East Java and forcing many Hindu-Buddists eastwards to Bali. Some, however, stayed put : the Tenggerese people of Bromo can trace their history back to Majapahit. Soon Demak was flexing its muscles in West Java, and in 1524 it took the port of Banten and then Sunda Kelapa (now Jakarta). before later overrunning Cirebon.
Demak's rule was not to last long. By the end of the 16th century the Muslim kingdom of Mataram has rised to take control of huge swathes of Central and East Java. Banten still remained independent, however, and grew to become a powerfull maritime capital holding sway over much of West Java. By the 17th century, Mataram and Banten were the only two powers in Java left to face the arrival of the Dutch.